Uruguay Round (Uruguay Round negotiations)

The outcome of the Uruguay Round was to achieveUruguay RoundA series of agreements and rules of the World Trade Organization are summarized. The Uruguay Round is a series of negotiations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the predecessor of the World Trade Organization. From 1986 to 1994, it mainly focused on reducing tariffs, reducing trade barriers, improving market access conditions and formulating new trade rules. These efforts ultimately led to the establishment of the WTO and its extensive rule system. The main outcomes of the Round coverUruguay Round; The main contents of the Uruguay Round Anti-Dumping Agreement include the following points: The Agreement on Determining Dumping clarifies the definition of dumping, that is, the method for determining the normal value of a country's products entering the market of another country at a price lower than the normal value can be the domestic market price, the third country price or structural price If the export price is lower than this normal value, then the definite damage that is considered dumping damage refers to the damage that has been established in the territory of a party; The market access negotiations in the Uruguay Round have greatly improved this situation. The main characteristics of the results achieved in the Round can be summarized as follows: 1. Members committed to tariff concessions on industrial products to a much higher extent than the Tokyo Round. 2. Through the conclusion of the textiles and apparel agreement, countries agreed to phase out the quantitative restrictions originally maintained under the Multi-Fiber Agreement within 10 years before January 1, 2005. 3. The Agriculture Agreement established a framework; The main content of the Uruguay Round is the further development of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the establishment of the World Trade Organization. The Uruguay Round is an important negotiating round in the history of the WTO. Its main purpose is to promote the reform and development of the global trading system. The following are the details. 1 Further development of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade During the Uruguay Round negotiations, countries held in-depth discussions on further reducing tariffs and reducing trade barriers.

In the later period of the GATT, the importance of tariffs was replaced by non-tariff barriers. In order to meet this challenge, the GATT had to touch on domestic policies and trigger conflicts between "sovereignty" and "international cooperation". This is reflected in the focus of the Tokyo Round negotiations in the national treatment clause. The resolution of non-tariff barriers, but the GATT has been unable to adapt to the needs of globalization. The need for change has become increasingly prominent. The Uruguay Round of negotiations launched in 1986 lasted for eight years and is the longest multilateral trade in history; The Uruguay Round of negotiations is an important turning point in the history of international trade. It established the cornerstone of the WTO, promoted the equality and regularization of global trade, had a profound impact on the global economic order, and laid the foundation for the prosperity of the world economy. In summary, the Uruguay Round of negotiations is a major event in the field of international trade and has had a profound impact on the global trading system and legal framework.

The Uruguay Round negotiations focused on the two core contents of goods and rules. In terms of tariff concessions, developed member states committed to significant reductions, with the average tax rate reduced from 63% to 38%. Among them, the proportion of zero-tariff items increased from 21% to 32%. Although developing member states have relatively low concessions, the scope of tariff binding has expanded. For example, Chile and other countries have almost fully bound tariff reductions on agricultural products since 1995, and the implementation period has been set at 5 to 10 years; 1 Background of the Uruguay Round Since the GATT came into effect provisionally on January 1, 1948, seven rounds of multilateral trade negotiations have been held. 1 After many tariff reductions, tariffs have been reduced on a weighted average of about 28%. Tax-exempt goods have involved about 100,000 tax items until the implementation of the tax reduction agreement reached in the seventh round of multilateral trade negotiations, tariffs on industrial manufactured products in developed countries have dropped to a weighted average of about 5%. Facts have proved that tariff reductions and reductions have become international.

Regarding the explanation of the Uruguay Round terms, many people still don't know about the Uruguay Round. Today, I'm here to answer the above questions for everyone. Now let's take a look at it together. 1 Yes, 2. The main results of the "Uruguay Round Negotiations" are the legal framework of the multilateral trading system. Clarified, and the dispute settlement mechanism is more effective and reliable. 2. Further reduce tariffs, reach a broader market opening agreement for goods trade, and improve market access conditions3; The Uruguay Round is a complex agreement that includes changes in many of the above-mentioned aspects. These changes are aimed at promoting the liberalization of global trade, reducing trade barriers, reducing subsidies, and improving global trade rules and institutions. According to different models and estimates, the global welfare benefits brought by the Uruguay Round range from approximately US$510 billion to US$171 billion. Although some countries and enterprises may suffer losses in the short term, in the long run, they are large; The main contents of the Uruguay Round include the further development of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the establishment of the World Trade Organization. The further development of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. In the Uruguay Round, countries held in-depth discussions on further reducing tariffs on industrial products, agricultural products and textiles. Reducing trade barriers In addition to tariffs, the Round also involves reducing non-tariff barriers, such as subsidies and anti-dumping measures and technical barriers to trade and other rich GATT content.

Through a series of efforts and achievements, the Uruguay Round negotiations finally led to the establishment of the World Trade Organization. Specifically, the Uruguay Round negotiations launched in 1986 lasted for 8 years and became the longest multilateral trade agreement negotiation in history. The negotiation process involves many countries and multiple trade issues, laying a solid foundation for the establishment of the WTO and integrating the Uruguay Round negotiations into new trade fields. It not only focuses on traditional tariff issues; The Uruguay Round refers to the 8th multilateral trade negotiation held by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. It was named after it was held in Uruguay. The Uruguay Round negotiation is by far the largest trade negotiation. It lasted for seven and a half years. The Uruguay Round negotiation was concluded in 1994. It was the largest and most informative negotiation among the eight negotiations. 74 countries and regions participated, and 18 countries and 21 countries sent observers. It is divided into two parts: "Negotiations on Trade in Goods" and "Negotiations on Trade in Services"; Which aspects of the round are of the most significant quantitative significanceUruguay Round？How developing countries were affected by the roundUruguay Round？Will the round cause losses to some countries or regions? If so, why? To the extent of statistical error, our research in the column found that, overall, the world would benefit greatly from the reforms agreed to in the Uruguay Round--approximately US$96 billion per year in the short term and US$171 billion in the long term.

Through the Uruguay Round, countries reached consensus on the protection of intellectual property rights in trade in services and trade-related investment measures, providing legal and institutional guarantees for the development of international trade. This negotiation also promoted the establishment of the World Trade Organization WTO, marking the global The trading system has entered a new stage, providing a more effective mechanism for the formulation and implementation of global trade rules. The significance of the Uruguay Round is that it not only promotes trade in goods; The Uruguay Round negotiations on goods mainly focused on two aspects: first, the negotiation of tariff concessions, and secondly, the negotiation of trade rules. 2 The negotiation content in the field of services. Before the Uruguay Round, tariffs and GATT only covered the field of goods, and the service industry was not under the control of its multilateral system. Therefore, many countries have implemented protective measures in the field of services, which has significantly limited the development of international trade in services and the freedom to promote trade in services.